Speaker
Description
SAXS emerged in India in the group of Raman, then in the fifties of Kratky centered on the study of the empty cell by André Guinier in France and a dialogue of Kratky and Porod with Svedberg about proteins in solution. In the seventies and eighties absolute scaling at low-q and asymptotic laws at high-q started to be measured and were concomitant to the birth of science at nano-scale. Thermodynamics came in when the osmotic compressibility could be measured as well as simulated by Hayer when SAXS and SANS could be done on the same sample. We will give a brief history of the field, the case of off-equilibrium lipid nanopartiscles important for vaccines and gene therapy for which small angle scattering in small volume and broad q-range is crucial for progress.
